Glossary of Key Terms

• Cartilage: A flexible connective tissue that cushions joints, enabling smooth movement.

• Dermis: The middle layer of skin, containing blood vessels, nerves, and hair follicles.

• Epidermis: The outermost layer of skin, providing protection against infection and UV radiation.

• Haematopoiesis: The process of blood cell production in bone marrow.

• Hypodermis: The innermost layer of skin, primarily composed of fat tissue for insulation and energy storage.

• Ligament: A tough band of connective tissue that connects bones, stabilising joints.

• Melanocyte: A cell that produces melanin, a pigment responsible for skin and hair colour.

• Ossification: The process of bone formation, where cartilage is replaced by bone tissue.

• Osteoporosis: A condition characterised by decreased bone density, leading to increased risk of fractures.

• Sarcomere: The basic contractile unit of muscle fibres, composed of actin and myosin filaments.